It is known to us both by famous and detailed bas-reliefs and a brief description of the battle dated with precision.Īn Hellenistic example: Chios, 201 BC In -201 a battle took place between the Macedonian fleet of Philip V and the coalition fleets of Rhodes and Pergamos.
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The oldest ancient naval battle is that of Kadesh, which was held between the Egyptian Ramses II and the "peoples of the sea" (mostly Assyrians, Phoenicians and other free peoples of the coast) in the Nile Delta. ⚔ Hall of fame: Greatest Naval Battles Salamis For more on this topic, see the industrial era tech page. Of course the XIXth century, the industrial age, brought not one, but a serie of groundbreaking innovations that constantly reshaped naval warfare, up to the XXth Century. Mathematics and the latest sciences are called upon to bring wooden sailing ships to the highest form of development possible. Fleets became more professionnal, Navies are institutionalized by the state, rationalized, as well as ship building. The old galley had its last gasp in the Baltic. Up to the XIX century, through the Renaissance and Enlightenment age, battle lines became the norm, reflecting infantry lines and volley fire on land. Confuse melee now turned into more refined tactics, to bear and use firepower the best way. Gunpowder indeed completely turned the tables of naval combat. Until the first guns were introduced in the XVth Century, naval combat did not differed that much since a millenia. Ship technology improved, sailing plans became more complicated and the ships much taller, with sometimes not clear distinction between civilian and military. In Medieval times, coastal navigation was still the norm, but the scandinavians on one side, and the Byzantines in the other, kept the flame of technology alight, until they mixed. In the Hellenistic ages, tactics were refines and ships became larger, pushing to the limit the concept of the triere and all derivatives. After the Phoenicians, the Greeks built the first maritime empire, based on trade and war. The Mediterranean, closed sea, seemed more hospitable and were used as ways to travel from Europe to Africa, and to the Middle east. During the Greek age, between asia minor, the aegean, and greece, the interlocking network of city states between the sea and mountain saw the first maritime empire. Archers and javelineers soften the enemy until boarding allowed melee combat. Naval combat was a transposition of land combat at sea. In the bronze age, properly naval tactics were still in their infancy. Naval battles changed over time of course with advancing technology. Whatever the case, the sea became a battlefield soon in human history. In a land campaign, a landing in a non-guarded spot turned the tables. In human societies, attacking trade and blockading always has been useful tactics. The blue planet not only allowed to move populations, trade, but also became a place of conflict when the first advantages were negated. The pacific literraly covers the planet, with thin stretches of land apparent in the north, and an immense watery desert. The huge stretch of water seems at least manageable.
Most of the time, the atlantic view is chosen, revealing the two large landmasses of Europe and Africa one one side and the Americas on the other.
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Something of the kind was allegedly said by Herodote, at a time maps only showed the Mediterranean, and a few unknown seas plus a circular ocean, circling the globe It was not apparent then that water covered 70% of the planet surface. A motto well-known by all naval academies around the world: Who dominates the seas rules the world.
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